[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/crispr-inovativni-metoda-upravovani-genu\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/crispr-inovativni-metoda-upravovani-genu\/","headline":"CRISPR \u2013 inovativn\u00ed metoda upravov\u00e1n\u00ed gen\u016f","name":"CRISPR \u2013 inovativn\u00ed metoda upravov\u00e1n\u00ed gen\u016f","description":"Editace genom\u016f CRISPR-CAS9 (ang. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)je n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k odst\u0159\u00edh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1sti DNA, kter\u00e9 chceme modifikovat. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 k d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v genomick\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumech. M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee k spr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu proveden\u00ed tohoto procesu, pot\u0159ebujeme dv\u011b v\u011bci: protein, [&hellip;]","datePublished":"2020-03-11","dateModified":"2023-06-07","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/232437c79d6ebbb41eb67b1526ce0bc08ee5047d6b1594dc05abcc3258d8e0b3?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"pappce.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a372249_w3852_t1583755189.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a372249_w3852_t1583755189.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/crispr-inovativni-metoda-upravovani-genu\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":435,"articleBody":"Editace genom\u016f CRISPR-CAS9 (ang. Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats)je n\u00e1stroj, kter\u00fd slou\u017e\u00ed k odst\u0159\u00edh\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1sti DNA, kter\u00e9 chceme modifikovat. Pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1 se tak\u00e9 k d\u016fkladn\u011bj\u0161\u00edmu b\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed v genomick\u00fdch v\u00fdzkumech. M\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, \u017ee k spr\u00e1vn\u00e9mu proveden\u00ed tohoto procesu, pot\u0159ebujeme dv\u011b v\u011bci: protein, kter\u00fd se jmenuje CAS9 a molekuly RNA. Tato dvojice vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1klad tohoto syst\u00e9mu, d\u00edky \u010demu lze identifikovat jednotliv\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti DNA a tak\u00e9 vyst\u0159ihnout ty \u010d\u00e1sti, kter\u00e9 si p\u0159ejeme upravit.&nbsp;Zkus\u00edme si \u0159\u00edct velice zjednodu\u0161enou verzi tohoto procesu. Prvn\u011b mus\u00edme CAS9 p\u0159em\u00edstit tam, kam pot\u0159ebujeme, aby byl, kde se pot\u00e9 p\u0159ipout\u00e1 na sekvenci PAM (ang. Protospacer Adjacent Motif), kter\u00e1 je kr\u00e1tk\u00fdm sledem DNA (v\u011bt\u0161inou 2 a\u017e 6 nukleov\u00fdch b\u00e1z\u00ed DNA). Ta p\u0159esn\u011b ukazuje, kde je nutn\u00fd z\u00e1sah CRISPR metodou. PAM je nutn\u00fd pro \u0161t\u011bpen\u00ed proteinu CAS9 a obvykle se nach\u00e1z\u00ed 3 a\u017e 4 nukleotidy po sm\u011bru od m\u00edsta \u0159ezu. Pot\u00e9 RNA odhaluje typickou dvojitou spir\u00e1lu, kterou moc dob\u0159e zn\u00e1me, a to takov\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem, \u017ee v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se ji\u017e na\u0161el spr\u00e1vn\u00fd sled, propoj\u00ed se s DNA &ndash; RNA je vytvo\u0159eno tak, aby ide\u00e1ln\u011b sed\u011blo k ur\u010dit\u00fdm DNA sekvenc\u00edm. N\u00e1sledn\u011b se proteinem CAS9 vyst\u0159ihne nepat\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st, co\u017e deaktivuje \u0161patn\u00e9 geny nebo nahrad\u00ed se &bdquo;vzorkem&rdquo; DNA, d\u00edky \u010demu\u017e doch\u00e1z\u00ed k tzv. editaci.&nbsp;&nbsp;P\u0159esn\u011b tuto CRISPR-CAS9 metodu se pou\u017eilo na my\u0161\u00edch, kter\u00e9 trp\u011bly svalovou dystrofi\u00ed. B\u011bhem tohoto v\u00fdzkumu se potvrdilo, \u017ee se doopravdy jedn\u00e1 o neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u00fd revolu\u010dn\u00ed zp\u016fsob, kter\u00fd by mohl zachr\u00e1nit \u017eivoty spousta lid\u00ed. P\u0159ed biology a mediky je ale je\u0161t\u011b velmi dlouh\u00e1 cesta, ne\u017e budou moci \u00fapln\u011b bez probl\u00e9m\u016f modifikovat lidsk\u00e9, a ne my\u0161\u00ed geny.&nbsp;Jedn\u00e1 se o obrovsk\u00fd pokrok nejen v&nbsp;genetice, ale tak\u00e9 v&nbsp;medic\u00edn\u011b, kter\u00fd by mohl zajistit spoust\u011b lid\u00ed lep\u0161\u00ed \u017eivot, b\u011bhem kter\u00e9ho nebudou muset trp\u011bt d\u011bdi\u010dn\u00fdmi onemocn\u011bn\u00edmi. Mohlo by se ale tak\u00e9 st\u00e1t, \u017ee na\u0161el by se n\u011bkdo, kdo bude cht\u00edt tohoto v\u00fdznamn\u00e9ho objevu zneu\u017e\u00edt a t\u00edm n\u011bkoho ohrozit. Je tedy CRISPR-CAS9 dobr\u00fd nebo \u0161patn\u00fd? Za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed si lid\u00e9 hr\u00e1t na boha? Na tyto ot\u00e1zky u\u017e si mus\u00ed odpov\u011bd\u011bt ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00e1m.&nbsp;&nbsp;                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.8\/5 - (11 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"CRISPR \u2013 inovativn\u00ed metoda upravov\u00e1n\u00ed gen\u016f","item":"https:\/\/www.pappce.cz\/crispr-inovativni-metoda-upravovani-genu\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]